BIG BANG THEORY
What is the Big Bang Theory?
According to Wikipedia and Space.com, "The Big Bang Theory is the leading explanation about how the universe
began. At its simplest, it talks about the universe as we know it
starting with a small singularity, then inflating over the next billion of years up to the universe we know as of today. If the known laws of physics are extrapolated to the highest density regime, the result is a singularity
which is typically associated with the Big Bang. Detailed measurements
of the expansion rate of the universe place this moment at approximately
13.8 billion years ago, which is thus considered the age of the universe. After the initial expansion, the universe cooled sufficiently to allow the formation of subatomic particles, and later simple atoms. Giant clouds of these primordial elements later coalesced through gravity in halos of dark matter, eventually forming the stars and galaxies visible today."
Source:
STEADY STATE THEORY
According to Wikipedia, "The Steady State theory is an alternative to the Big Bang model of the evolution of the universe. In the steady-state theory, the density of matter in the expanding universe remains unchanged due to a continuous creation of matter, thus adhering to the perfect cosmological principle, a principle that asserts that the observable universe is basically the same at any time as well as at any place. While the steady state model enjoyed some popularity in the mid-20th century, it is now rejected by the vast majority of cosmologists, astrophysicists and astronomers, as the observational evidence points to a hot Big Bang cosmology with a finite age of the universe, which the Steady State model does not predict."Source:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steady_State_theory
The Oscillating Universe Theory
According to UniverseToday.com, "The Oscillating Universe Theory is a cosmological model that combines both the Big Bang and the Big Crunch as part of a cyclical event. That is, if this theory holds true, then the Universe in which we live in exists between a Big Bang and a Big Crunch. In other words, our universe can be the first of a possible series of universes or it can be the nth universe in the series. This description would only mean one thing – all the laws of physics will be thrown out of the window. This is understandably unacceptable to physicists. To make matters worse, some cosmologists even believe that the Universe will eventually reach a maximum point of expansion and that once this happens, it will then collapse into itself. This will essentially lead to the same conditions as when we extrapolate back to the moment of the Big Bang. To remedy this dilemma, some scientists are proposing that perhaps the Universe will not reach the point of singularity after all.Instead, because of repulsive forces brought about by quantum effects of gravity, the Universe will bounce back to an expanding one. An expansion (Big Bang) following a collapse (Big Crunch) such as this is aptly called a Big Bounce. The bounce marks the end of the previous universe and the beginning of the next."
Source:
http://www.universetoday.com/38195/oscillating-universe-theory/
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BIG BANG THEORY
STEADY STATE THEORY
OSCILLATING UNIVERSE
THEORY
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